The Worst Death Trap, Killing Fourteen Italian Immigrants

On March 13, 1900, a tenement building in New York City caught fire, killing fourteen Italian immigrants. The poorly constructed frame building housed three stories of tenement quarters, with ten apartments per floor. The rooms were five by ten feet, separated only by flimsy half-inch thick boards. With just one exit through the entrance of the building, and that only by way of a 42-inch wide stairway, their only escape was destroyed, leaving eleven families of â€Å"caged victims beyond help.† People became so desperate that they jumped from upper balconies as the firemen on the scene struggled to control the flames. The top floor proved to be the deadliest, with a victim in nearly all ten rooms. After the arrest of a suspect and an†¦show more content†¦Connected to these changes were rapidly declining sanitary conditions in tenement housing and rising prices. Immigrants came to America with visions of â€Å"streets paved in gold† and a chance to rise t hrough hard work. Americans who had lived longer in the country and who harbored rabid anti-immigrant sentiments greeted them with derision and abuse. They saw immigrants as competition in an already dwindling job market, and bearers of the dreaded Catholicism, socialism, communism, and other â€Å"foreign evils.† Social Darwinism, in vogue at the time, only compounded the problems of the poor. Darwin’s work in animal dominance was translated into social beliefs that benefitted successful businessmen and capitalist bullies. Social Darwinism claimed that the wealthy were dominant because they were superior, and the poor were so because they were inherently flawed. The effect of this theory was that no help was offered to the poor because they deserved none, and there was no call to level the playing field because the rich had triumphed through natural selection. With more and more people pouring into the major industrialized cities, new arrivals were forced (ofte n tricked) into cheap and dirty tenement housing in the more dangerous areas of town, in order to afford bare subsistence in a society already glutted with humanity and twisted notions about nationality. Tenement fire stories permeated newspaper reports

The Supreme Strategy for Comparative Essay Outline

The Supreme Strategy for Comparative Essay Outline Lies You've Been Told About Comparative Essay Outline To write this kind of essay is quiet hard thing and it ought to be carried out responsibly. Thus, you must be quite careful when crafting your compare and contrast an essay. You may also look up other essays that are based on the identical thing and see the things that they need to offer. The way to the perfect essay is via WritePaperFor.Me. You receive a preview of your essay and ask to create corrections if necessary. Essays have various structures. You could also find the descriptive essay. Much like descriptive essay examples and other types of academic essays, a comparative essay can be made in various ways. Your plan can show each detail and points you're going to add, and since you write your essay you may refer to your plan to make sure to haven't missed anything. If you would like to get high excellent research and thesis papers in time and for a fair price, you should probably attempt using EssaySupply.com. You can get in touch with your writer through our support department should you need to specify some vital points to produce your work more customized. Moreover, by having a professional writer create your work you can make sure it will be to a very substantial standard and the simple fact that we offer completely free revisions basically guarantees that the work is going to be to the high quality th at you need. The Comparative Essay Outline Pitfall Once it's discovered your work was plagiarized, not only will you almost certainly fail that specific essay but you might experience more repercussions affecting your upcoming education as well as. When you receive the title and aspects to compare but without a definite number of criteria to cover similarities and differences, you've got to brainstorm. Research is important because it needs a whole lot of understanding on the topic issue. You could also on similarities initially, and after that differences. Simply create two overlapping circles, one for each one of the topics which you are comparing. Last, you have to show the importance of the differences. The reasons could possibly be absolutely different. An excellent compare-and-contrast essay goes beyond a very simple listing of similarities and differences to earn a meaningful statement about a bigger topic. Generally speaking, the plan of the hypothesis isn't changed in the event of 5-paragraph essays. Moreover, an essay writer must also have the ability to give valid references on the arguments he would want to include in the paragraph. As a way to produce the thesis statement, you should first examine the list containing the many facets of comparison then decide whether the subjects have a tendency to be more similar or they're quite different. Conclusion is the comparative portion of the paragraph your reader will experience. The conclusion is the simplest part. Conclusion The conclusion is intended to provide the reader a summary of the essay. Conclusion Like introduction, conclusion also needs to be generalized. The Basics of Comparative Essay Outline Nonetheless, the top-notch writers who are a part of the Elite Essay Writers team have an increased potential of supplying you with a high-quality paper. Writing is a skill that someone can learn. You might also be assigned with writing about many other distinct topics. When writing any form of academic paper, an individual needs to be able to get familiar with the basics of writing. You can also understand the evaluation essay templates. Well, prior to starting to write down the true draft, you should take care to stick to a blank outline template for essay. The very first draft isn't always the perfect. In the event you don't understand how to begin work on your essay, your best choice would be the conventional hook technique. For example if you're comparing or contrasting orcas and dolphins you may observe that both are cetaceous and dwell in water. Now that you're conscious of the dangers of utilizing a compare and contrast essay sample, along with the simple fact that trying to find one is many times a time-consuming process in itself, you could be wondering if it's the custom written essay service may help you. On the flip side, comparing and analyzing two parts of art may call for much deeper thought as they are harder to weigh or measure. Definitions of Comparative Essay Outline Before beginning writing, or researching, construct a plan of exactl y what sort of information you are searching for and plan how you aspire to present it. You must have a template to come up with your ideas and make them clear to everybody. Attempt to categorize your research so it is possible to search for precisely the same sort of information in both articles being compared. Also, there's a whole lot of helpful details on the site. The Ultimate Comparative Essay Outline Trick If you compose an essay with no external aid, you might wind up stressed, and you may shed lots of time. In a way, you may be proper. Some people today believe steaming is the ideal approach to go. Additionally, tension and aggressiveness that individuals may escape from communicating with different folks are all portion of hassle of eating outside. Possessing a an outline template is among the ways it is possible to shape your thoughts into focused objectives. You could also enjoy the outline examples. You can begin with your outline and build a plan into it. Your outline covers the huge issues and shows how they connect or interact with one another.

Marketing Principles Trading - Exchange and Advertisements

Question: Write about theMarketing Principlesfor Trading, Exchange and Advertisements. Answer: Advertisementsmake the customers aware of the marketing activities undertaken by the marketing personnel. Within this, adoption of proper communication channels is a crucial component. Online transactions do not result in the physical interaction between the sales person and the customers (Armstrong et al. 2014). This absence attaches ambiguity in the behavior of the sales person in terms of perceiving the approach of the customers in terms of the levied products and services. This aggravates the complexities of the sales persons regarding the achievement of customer satisfaction. This projects the partial purpose of transactions. On the contrary, adopting the online methods for advertising the products and services helps the personnel to increase the trafficking of the audience towards the brand. Physical interactions is absent even in this form of advertising (Crosno and Brown 2015). Memory does not always prove fruitful in terms of levying quality products and services to the customers. This is owing to the several tasks within which the individuals are engaged through the day. However, memory attains importance in terms of winning the contests organized by the companies and organizations for the customers in terms of the displayed advertisements. There are variety of contents within 30 minutes of free advertisements. As a matter of specification, there can be excessive content as well as contents as per the requirements. Excessive contents make it difficult for the audience to catch the main tagline. On the contrary, displaying advertisements according to the requirements help the audience to grasp the subject matter of the advertisement. Pondering upon the parameter of marketing principles, displaying advertisements as per the requirements of the customers helps the personnel to achieve large scale customer satisfaction (Armstrong et al. 2014). Evaluation of the shown advertisements makes the personnel aware of the exposed performance. This brings to the forefront the drawbacks in the advertisements. Distributing pamphlets can be one of the other methods for Old spice to advertise their products through campaigns. Delving deep into the methods of campaigning, distributing pamphlets would support the customers from remembering the advertisements through their brands. Herein, lays the symbolic significance of writing to the point tagline proves beneficial for the company personnel in terms of attracting the customers towards the brand (Armstrong et al. 2014). Putting one liner in the pamphlets would attract large number of customers towards the brand. This would also be assistance if the advertisement is carried out online. Herein, lays the differentiation with Old Spice, where physical interaction between the salesperson and the customers were absent. This contradicts the transparency in the business transactions, which enhances the clarity of the customers. Herein lays the justification of not being a television or radio commercial. Putting excessive new information in the pamphl ets would aggravate the difficulties of the customers in terms of memorizing the advertisements through the brands (Crosno and Brown 2015). This kind of new information would add an innovative touch to the traditionalism of the brand. Moreover, it supports the customers in memorizing the advertisement by their names. References Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S. and Kotler, P., 2014.Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Crosno, J.L. and Brown, J.R., 2015. A meta-analytic review of the effects of organizational control in marketing exchange relationships.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,43(3), pp.297-314.

Vietnam And Politics Essays - Viet Cong, Operation Starlite

Vietnam And Politics Vietnam was a war of attrition. It was the hardest war the United States has ever fought. We were fighting for a people who did not want us there and for a government that was to corrupt to help it and it's people. Putting that aside, we where and still are the most powerful country in the world. This being said, why where we not able to successfully defeat the Viet Cong and The North Vietnamese Army? To that end there are many reason, one being our war strategy, another being the way the Vietnmese fought the war, and finally the People of the United States did have there hearts in the war. In this paper I will however stick to how owner tactics and how our military leaders failure to properly adapt and create a war plan led to our defeat. I will also go into the Viet Congs strategy as it change led to our failure. What was so terrible about our war strategy? We did of course win almost every engagement of the war. We fought long and hard against an enemy that hardly ever was seen. Our tactics in the beginning of the war where simple, conventional tactics, this meaning you where here, they are there, you just have to get where they are. Operation Starlight was a classic textbook engagement. A large regiment of about 1500 Viet Cong was gathered in and around a small village named Van Tuong in northern South Vietnam. U.S. intelligence has found out from a Viet Cong deserter that the VC regiment was planning an attack on the Marine base Chu Lai. With this knowledge the Marines decided to strike the first blow. The Marines where to attack from three sides forcing the Viet Cong into the South China Sea. The attack was executed by the book and though it was a tough fight the United States devastated the 1st Viet Cong Regiment while sustaing only limited casualties. The VC surviors of the American offensive did learn something from there defeat. The saw the way Americans fought. They noticed when placed in a situation where they where taking incoming fire, they would dig in and call for fire support, either from the air or ground artillery. It was only after the fire support neutralized the target that the infantry would move forward and attack what ever survived the aerial bombardment. The Viet Cong realized that they could not over power the better-equipped Americans, and for the rest of the war they avoided face-to-face confrontations. The VC retreated to the safety of the jungles and rice patties of Southwestern Vietnam where they could execute their own form of guerrilla warfare. The Viet Cong fought in three man teams, called cells. These Cells where highly effective fighting units in remote jungle areas. The VC strategy was simple, break down the American's will to fight. They did this several way's, first by using mines and other booby traps, which did not kill, but maimed. The next was hit and run tactics. The VC had networks of tunnels connecting hooch-to-hooch, village-to-village almost across the entire country. They would pop up and fire at you then disappear in to the massive network of tunnels underneath you. American generals and advisors where ill prepared for this type of warfare and stood by the old belief the person with the biggest gun always wins. The continued with there daily search and destroy tactics above ground, clearing wide areas while the VC lived underneath them lived in relative safety of what was happing above, except for the ocasinal coming up to fire at the Americans above. At the end of a day the American's would be airlifted via helicopters back to base, witch left the VC to roam above ground. Reclaiming the land supposedly cleared early in the day. And so this went on, day after day, night after night. This explanation is a bit overly simplified however the basic Idea holds true, we lost the was from a strategic stand point because our leader failed to adapt and create a viable war plan.

Is College Worth the Time and Money Essay Example

Is College Worth the Time and Money Essay Example Is College Worth the Time and Money Essay Is College Worth the Time and Money Essay Is College Worth the Time and Money? Steve Jobs, the founder of Apple, has been widely recognized for his talent in creating a company that totally revolutionized the computer hardware industry. There is no doubt that he is a very successful person and his net worth confirms this. Mark Zuckerberg, who designed and created the innovative social network Facebook, is another example of vision and talent coupled with effort that translated into success. What do these men have in common? They are brilliant, worth billions of dollars and they both dropped out of college. Even though these men did not complete their college education, they still achieved success. We love success stories. We love that in America we can start with nothing but an idea, out of the garage, and become one of the richest people in the world. These Cinderella stories however are not the rule but the exception, each is one out of a million, perhaps millions. These are they that the media likes to highlight because they are the rags-to-riches exception to the rule. There are young minds now conceiving of ideas that will make them successful beyond their dreams and we should encourage their development. However, the reality is that there are many times more young minds that need the education that our colleges and universities can provide. Most CEOs of fortune 500 companies may never have attained that kind of success without the education behind them. They possibly wouldn’t even have been given the chance without a college degree. Of the CEOs from the top 100 of the fortune 500 list, 95 have at least an undergraduate degree with nearly half earning an advanced degree. While many are very successful without a college degree, what are the consequences of getting or not getting a degree on potential income? Many people go to college, get into debt, work hard, and sacrifice other opportunities, but don’t end up getting the jobs they were hoping for after graduation. Earning a college degree does not guarantee a job. What are the consequences then of going to college and getting a degree? Why do people get into debt for something that does not give financial security? Is there something else that is beneficial to obtaining a college education? According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics the unemployment rate decreases on average as education increases. Additionally, earnings are also roportional to the level of education. The structural unemployment is not the entire problem that we see in our economy. Frictional unemployment accounts for a big part of the entire unemployment picture and that is because of voluntary decisions to work based on each person’s valuation of his own work and personal preferences. All things being equal, someone with a degree is more likely to be h ired than an individual who is without a degree. But even those with a four-year education couldn’t use their diplomas to ward off unemployment in the recent economic downturn. In fact, it was the educated financial and business industry that lost their jobs first. According to the most recent statistics from Bureau of Labor Statistics, however, college graduates have a lower rate of unemployment than those without a degree, with a rate of 4. 3 percent compared to 9. 5 percent for high school graduates and 13. 9 percent for those with less than a high school education (Farrell par. 8). With nearly 14 million unemployed workers in America, the Economist reports that many have gotten so desperate that they are willing to work for free. Even though this has many legal and economical implications, this clearly shows that the weak labour market favours those who are willing to work for free and it benefits the workers because they can maintain and improve their skills while networking with potential long-term employers. Of course a bachelor’s degree is not the golden ticket to a lifestyle of the rich and famous, but according to the Pathways to Prosperity Project at Harvard Graduate School of Education, â€Å"In 1973, a high school diploma was the passport to the American Dream†¦72% of the workforce of 91 million had no more than a high school degree. The study goes on to say that today’s reality is much different in that â€Å"workers with a high school education or less now make up just 41% of the workforce. † Today’s reality is much different when it comes to college as getting that education is becoming increasingly more expensive. Money is a factor, but what can someone hope to g ain outside of the classroom that can help the student in the future? The chance to meet and interact with a large variety of people is sometimes only found in a college environment. Many lifelong friendships are formed during one’s college career and the importance of networking for future opportunities cannot be overstated. Exposure to interpersonal relationships and learning how to work with others in a professional environment is very important. A college degree can say to a potential employer that you can commit to something until it is completed and that you have learned to work well and get along with others. Moreover, most four year degrees require proficiency in basic computer skills. I can’t tell you how many times over the years I have wanted to create colorful and eye-catching documents or complete a spreadsheet for   business and didn’t have the necessary time to go through the learning curve of teaching myself how to perform these basic skills. Students also have access to the college or university career center that can greatly assist students to prepare and to be aware of job possibilities. Many companies go straight to colleges and universities looking for employees. How would one who isn’t in school even know about jobs that are posted at colleges? Many job opportunities are not typically posted in the local newspaper, but instead companies will go straight to colleges and universities looking for individuals with the education to fill those positions. Furthermore, those that complete a four year college degree are more secure in their occupation as well as the income it provides. Those that enter the workforce with a Bachelors degree are more likely to keep their job even in times of economic downturn. In 2008 the unemployment rate was recorded at 2. 8 percent for those that completed a four year degree while those with only a high school diploma were recorded at 5. percent, two times greater (Hammond freebooks. uvu. edu). Moreover, those that didn’t finish high school are almost four times more likely to be laid off. This data was collected prior to the recession and the large increase in unemployment. Even with the recession those that had a degree only had an unemployment rate of 4. 6 and 4. 7 percent for 2009 and 20 10 respectively (Bureau of Labor Statistics). In the same two years, those that only graduated from high school reached an unemployment rate of 9. 7 and 10. 3 percent. This in itself is reason to not only attend but complete a degree (Bureau of Labor Statistics). As a college graduate there is more than just security in the workforce but security in your income, even in times of recession. Results show that in 2008 those that completed a degree received a monthly average income of about $3,900 as compared to just over $1,000 for high school graduates (Hammond freebooks. uvu. edu) . In 2009-10, during times of recession and then recovery, where the market was at its worst for offering laborers adequate income, college graduates received on average about $4,500 monthly while high school graduates brought in only $2,500 (Bureau of Labor Statistics). Earning a college degree takes at least four years and costs thousands of dollars. It also takes a lot of time and money when it is possible to be earning a living without one. While this is true, it is also true that there’s still value in higher education. According to Chris Farrell from Bloomberg Businessweek, â€Å"the median earning of a college graduate with a BA working full-time in 2008 was $55,700. † Even those with an Associate Degree earned $42,000 compared to $33,800 for workers with just a high-school diploma, and $24,300 for those without a high school education. The statistics show that college graduates earn more money, but it takes money to get a degree in the first place. Students and their families look at the price tag of education, an average of $15,213 at a public institution and $35,600 for private, and decide that the cost is too much (Strauss par. 3-4). When choosing to go to college or start out in the work force, it makes more sense to begin making money rather than go into debt. However, researchers at Georgetown University Center on Education estimate that the share of jobs requiring a postsecondary degree is 59 percent, and will rise to 63 percent in the next decade. The Public Policy Institute of California predicted that â€Å"the supply of college-educated workers won’t meet projected demand and that by 2025, â€Å"41 percent of workers in the state will need a bachelor’s degree† in the state of California. According to the predicted trends, it would be worthwhile for students to go to college. More and more workers with a college degree will be required in the work force, and if students regard an education as an investment, they will be prepared for the future. There are valid arguments for and against receiving a college education. The idea of so much time and money spent on a degree that may not result in a job is disheartening. But in a changing world where everything is uncertain, researchers and experts agree that it is better to have a degree than not. It’s harder to be successful today than in the past without a college education, and when considering the trends and what it means for the future, it makes sense to invest in yourself through education. Every parent should encourage their child to go to college and work hard for a degree, even though it means sacrificing time and money. Even parents who did not complete their college education and had lucrative careers have the responsibility to encourage their children to receive an education. Although a degree is not a guarantee against unemployment, it does provide a safety net and improves the chances of finding and keeping a job, even in rough economic periods. Right now, going to college seems like a daunting task, but down the road, children will thank their parents for encouraging them and for making the necessary sacrifices to enable them to earn their degree. Billitteri, Thomas J. The Value of a College Education. CQ Researcher 20 Nov. 2009: 981-1004. Web. 26 Mar. 2011. Bureau of Labor Statistics. â€Å"Usual Weekly Earnings of Wage and Salary Workers Fourth Quarter 2010. † News Release, 20 Jan. 2011. Web. 29 Mar. 2011. bls. gov/news. release/pdf/wkyeng. pdf Burnsed, Brian. â€Å"Where CEOs at America’s Largest Companies Went to College. † US News 15 Nov. 2010. Web. 29 Mar. 2011. Co wen, Tyler. â€Å"Jobs don’t pay what they used to. † The Economist. 28 Mar. 2011. Web. 28 Mar. 2011. Farrell, Chris. â€Å"A College Degree Is Still Worth It. Bloomberg Businessweek. 25 Mar. 2011. Web. 26 Mar. 2011. Hammond, Ron J. â€Å"What is the Relationship Between Education and Money. † Intro to Sociology, 2009. Web. 29 Mar. 2011. http://freebooks. uvu. edu/SOC1010/index. php/ch14-education. html. Strauss, Valerie. â€Å"Costs of Public vs. Private College. † Washington Post. 12 Jan. 2010. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. Symonds, William C. , Schwartz, Robert B. , Ferguson, Ronald. â€Å"Pathways to Prosperity: Meeting the Challenge of Preparing Young Americans for the 21st Century. † Harvard Graduate School of Education. Feb. 2011.

Audiencia previa Master Calendar en proceso deportación

Audiencia previa Master Calendar en proceso deportacià ³n Cuando un migrante recibe una carta citndolo para que se presente en una fecha determinada en corte para el Master Calendar eso significa que se ha iniciado y dado el primer paso en el proceso de deportacià ³n en su contra. Durante este proceso el migrante se juega ganar el derecho a permanecer en EE.UU. o, por el contrario, obtener una orden de remocià ³n. Por ello es importante entender quà © es el Master Calendar y quà © se decide en ese momento, cà ³mo prepararse y casos en los que puede tener lugar un segundo Master Calendar  ¿Quà © es el Master Calendar? El Master Calendar es una audiencia previa en el juicio de deportacià ³n. Unas semanas o meses ms tarde tiene lugar la audiencia propiamente dicha, que es que se conoce en inglà ©s como Individual hearing. Cuando un migrante recibe la carta que se conoce en inglà ©s como Notice to Appear, o por sus siglas NTA, en la que se seà ±ala que debe presentarse en fecha y hora determinada en una Corte de Inmigracià ³n para el Master Calendar. El Master Calendar quiere decir que se ha iniciado contra un migrante un procedimiento de deportacià ³n. Los cargos son los que se seà ±alan en la Notice to Appear, es decir, en la carta en la que se notificà ³ que debà ­a presentarse en Corte para el Master Calendar. En algunos casos los migrantes podrà ­an recibir otro tipo de notificacià ³n. Son ejemplos de cargos los siguientes: ingreso ilegal a EE.UU.permanecer en el paà ­s ms tiempo del permitidoutilizacià ³n de documentos falsosmentir en la aplicacià ³n de un beneficio migratoriocondena por determinados delitos, etc. Los abogados recomiendan nunca reconocer un fraude como, por ejemplo, la utilizacià ³n de documentos falsos.  ¿Quà © sucede en un Master Calendar ante un Juez de Inmigracià ³n? En las audiencias Master Calendar el juez cita a muchos migrantes –pueden ser incluso 30– para que comparezcan en el mismo plazo de tiempo de unas dos horas. Y a partir de ahà ­ ir resolviendo asuntos bsicamente de carcter administrativo. El juez llamar a cada migrante por su nà ºmero de Alien Registration Number y nombre. Cuando se produce el llamado, el inmigrante y, si tiene, su abogado, se levantarn e irn hablar con el juez.  Adems, tambià ©n estar presente al abogado que representa los intereses del gobierno. Se trata de determinar de manera rpida quà © camino va a seguir el proceso de deportacià ³n. Si el inmigrante tiene abogado, de pago o pro bono, lo ms frecuente es que las preguntas las conteste el letrado. El juez va a recordar los cargos contra el migrante, que ya se conocen porque figuran en la carta del Notice to Appear. El inmigrante puede rechazarlos o admitirlos. Tambià ©n puede seà ±alar que hay errores, como por ejemplo, si se dice que entrà ³ en determinada fecha en el paà ­s y la verdadera es otra, es el momento de llamar la atencià ³n del juez sobre eso. A continuacià ³n se establecer cul es el alivio que se va a buscar para luchar contra la deportacià ³n, Por ejemplo, si se solicita asilo, o una  salida voluntaria  o se est en condicià ³n de pedir un  ajuste de estatus, etc. Tambià ©n se van a decidir puntos como la fecha de la vista que se conoce como Individual Hearing y muy posiblemente el juez dà © unos plazos para presentar documentacià ³n para enviar aplicaciones o informacià ³n adicional. Es importante tener a mano un calendario donde anotar las fechas, ya que deben cumplirse todos los plazos. Incluso es posible que se fije una segunda audiencia Master Calendar como, por ejemplo, cuando el migrante todavà ­a no ha encontrado a un abogado que se haga cargo de su caso o cuando el letrado todavà ­a no ha tenido tiempo para beneficiarse con el mismo. Al finalizar la audiencia del Master Calendar se recibir un papel (Notice) donde aparece una nueva fecha: la de la vista individual y, en algunos casos, el de otra audiencia previa. Audiencia de Master Calendar y peticiones de asilo Para los migrantes que solicitan asilo en la audiencia del Master Calendar cabe destacar que si se solicita asilo es conveniente que cuando el juez pregunta a quà © paà ­s se desea ser deportado, si esa es la decisià ³n final del caso, no se diga el paà ­s propio, ya que se considera que el solicitante de asilo tiene miedo de regresar. Hablarlo con un abogado porque podrà ­a ser recomendable guardar silencio ante esa pregunta. Asimismo, si se solicita el asilo debe pedirse, al mismo tiempo, cancelacià ³n de la deportacià ³n conocida en inglà ©s como withholding of removal y tambià ©n la proteccià ³n segà ºn la Convencià ³n de Naciones Unidas en contra de la Tortura. Tambià ©n para los solicitantes de asilo cabe destacar que si se acepta una expulsià ³n rpida conocida en inglà ©s como expedited removal el plazo que se dar para la audiencia principal individual de mà ©ritos es de un mximo de 180 dà ­as a contar desde la fecha en la que se presentà ³ inicialmente la solicitud, lo cual puede ser insuficiente para preparar con garantà ­as el caso de asilo. Pero, por otro lado, si no se acepta el expedited removal el migrante no tendr derecho a obtener un permiso de trabajo mientras el caso se tramita en Corte migratoria. Preparacià ³n para audiencia Master Calendar: quà © llevar y cunto se demora El inmigrante debe presentarse con tiempo y haber planeado el dà ­a de tal manera que sepa que es posible que pase en el edificio de la Corte varias horas, aunque su presencia ante el juez va a durar unos 20 minutos. Para asegurase de llegar a tiempo, consultar la direccià ³n exacta de la corte. Tambià ©n se puede saber el nombre del juez y del administrador de la corte. Ir bien presentado, sin nada que pueda ser considerado un arma, y llevar la carta del Notice to Appear donde se le cita para esa Corte el dà ­a en que se presenta. Llevar tambià ©n un I.D. que puede ser el pasaporte, una licencia de manejar, la matrà ­cula consular, etc. Tambià ©n debe llevarse el original de cualquier documento que se estime, a sugerencia del abogado si se tuviera uno, que servir para ilustrar el alivio de la deportacià ³n que se solicita. Aunque la ley no obliga a llevar abogado es muy recomendable, ya que las estadà ­sticas demuestran que realmente hay una gran diferencia en resultados cuando los migrantes estn debidamente representados por un letrado que conoce las leyes de inmigracià ³n, es honrado y pone tiempo y esfuerzo para entender el caso del cliente y buscar una posible solucià ³n. Se puede ir acompaà ±ado de familiares, pero nunca debe ir a un edificio federal voluntaria un indocumentado, ya que puede ser arrestado. Es recomendable que se queden en casa o esperen fuera del edificio de la Corte. Adems, es mejor que los menores no està ©n dentro de una sala de inmigracià ³n ya que se pueden ver u oà ­r cosas desagradables o muy duras para ellos.  ¿Quà © hacer si no se tiene un buen conocimiento del inglà ©s? Si no se entiende inglà ©s y, por lo tanto, no se tiene comprensià ³n de quà © est sucediendo se puede solicitar un intà ©rprete. Lo ms frecuente es que este servicio se preste por telà ©fono y es totalmente gratuito. No est permitido que el migrante traiga a corte a su propio intà ©rprete. Quà © se puede hacer si los plazos seà ±alados por el juez son muy cortos Puede suceder que el inmigrante no pueda preparar bien su defensa o encontrar y reunir todos los documentos y testigos para respaldar el alivio que se desea pedir en los plazos que fijà ³ el juez de Inmigracià ³n. Si ese es el caso hay que pedir una extensià ³n de los plazos, lo que en inglà ©s se conoce como extension of deadlines. Y, si lo que es necesario es pasar para una fecha ms tarde el individual hearing entonces lo que procede es pedir una audiencia para ms tarde continuance. Es muy importante argumentar bien la razà ³n por la que se necesitan estas nuevas fechas. Si no se hace asà ­, el juez lo va a negar. Tambià ©n en los casos en los que se ha fijado un nuevo Master Calendar, en vez de una Individual Hearing, se puede pedir que se posponga la fecha y tambià ©n a travà ©s de lo que se conoce como continuance. Tambià ©n tiene que estar apoyada esta peticià ³n por alguna razà ³n. Por ejemplo, que se acaba de encontrar abogado y à ©ste todavà ­a no ha tenido tiempo para familiarizarse con el caso. Consecuencias de no presentarse a audiencia Master Calendar No presentarse a un Master Calendar o incluso simplemente llegar tarde, como por ejemplo, por razones de trfico, puede tener consecuencias realmente malas.   Por ejemplo, el juez puede negar toda posible defensa que se pretende argumentar frente a la deportacià ³n. O, incluso, puede dictar una orden de deportacià ³n aunque el migrante no està © presente. Es lo que se conoce como deportacià ³n in absentia. Las personas que no se presentaron a un Master Calendar pueden utilizar un sistema automatizado para saber si tienen una orden de deportacià ³n en su contra. La audiencia individual de mà ©ritos En la audiencia Master Calendar no se presentan testigos ni se interroga al migrante, simplemente es una audiencia previa. Ser ms tarde, en la audiencia individual de mà ©ritos, en la que se desarrolla el juicio y al finalizar la misma el juez determinar si el migrante se puede quedar en EE.UU. o, por el contrario, ordena su remocià ³n. Contra la decisià ³n del juez es posible apelar ante el Board of Immigration Appeals. Master Calendar El Master Calendar es una audiencia previa en el juicio de deportacià ³n de un migrante. En ella el migrante no es interrogado ni se presentan testigo y sirve para establecer cul va a ser su defensa .Para el migrante que no se presenta a una cita en corte para Master Calendar o incluso simplemente llega tarde puede ordenarse su deportacià ³n in absence.No es obligatorio presentarse a la Master Calendar con abogado y el gobierno no paga uno de oficio. Sin embargo, es altamente recomendable contratar a un letrado con excelente reputacià ³n o encontrar uno que trabaje pro bono.Si no se habla inglà ©s con fluidez, solicitar los servicios de un intà ©rprete, que es gratuito. El migrante no est autorizado a presentar a su propio traductor. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Medicare and Medicaid Module 4 (SLP) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Medicare and Medicaid Module 4 (SLP) - Essay Example The program has been designed to provide affordable medical support and its clients benefit from a range of products, including regional care teams, social workers, registered nurses and the behavioral health specialists. Medical services in Texas are offered depending on the laid down policies. The Medicare system is ideally relevant and it involves a number of radical considerations. The Medicare supplement involves paying your taxes through 65 years and from here you can be able to get your payback. To qualify for Texas Medicare, the state offers enrolment requirements for the couples. For example in Texas, the core consideration for people planning to acquire the health plan would involve ideally ensuring that qualification for Part A hospital insurance scheme is achieved. This implies that must work for 10 years in order to qualify for the free cover. Other people would opt to buy the program. The rates vary considerably from about $32-$100 depending on the program. To enroll hence for Part B program or otherwise known as medical insurance, you will be required to pay $99.90 every month. Once enrolled, your details would be reflected in the Medicare systems database once you reach 65 years. The services take effect as soon as your information has been crosschecked for authenticity. Further, the medicare scheme could be automatically loaded depending on specific pay details. The next step is to classify your outpatient insurance program to be able to attain the relevant benefits. Part B insurance is critical and it is fundamental for people looking for treatments outside the hospital. If you have been successful in meeting relevant requirements, then it would be ideal to ensure that you proceed to create specific milestone for your spouse and your family. The monthly fee for Part B is $99.9 per month but this could be much less and this is classified basing your existing membership scheme or even when your premium has

Globalization of a Domestic Company Research Paper

Globalization of a Domestic Company - Research Paper Example As the paper declares investing in a given country will is affected by a diversity of factors. In this regard, it is crucial for the management of Sterling Limited Company to have an in-depth analysis of these factors. By attention to the most significant factors, this section will focus on the distance of the designated country, the cultural background of the residents, the overall knowledge of the country in question, the language classification as well as the relatives of the chosen expatriates in the new country. As the research stresses the distance between the mother country, the United States, and the designated state for the expansion will be very crucial in the decision-making process. As a core factor of consideration, the aspect of distance will dictate the efficiency of the operations as well as the financial implications of the expansion process. Clearly, the greater the distance between the two countries, the harder the management and the more the operational costs. It is, however, imperative to note that this does not mean that the expansion of the operations of a given company will be limited to countries within the same geographical regions. Impediments facing the expansion of a given company across borders van be internalized through the adoption of a variety of dynamics. The organization will have to invest heavily in telecommunication and communication in a bid to ensure a smoother flow of resources from the headquarters to the satellite branches in other countries.

Gender Inequalities in the Workplace Essay Example for Free

Gender Inequalities in the Workplace Essay The issue of gender inequality has been in the eyes of the public and been in awareness of society for decades. The problem of inequality in employment is one of the most vital issues in todays society. In order to understand this situation one must try to get to the root of the problem and must understand the factors that cause the female sex to have a much more difficult time in getting the same benefits, wages, and job opportunities as the male sex. The society in which we live has been shaped historically by men. A womans primary attachment is to the family role; women are therefore less intrinsically committed to work than men and less likely to maintain a high level of specialized knowledge (Oakley, 1974, p. 28)President Clinton proclaimed April 11, 1996, as the National Pay Inequality Awareness Day. In the year 1972, the Equal Employment Opportunity Act was established; the goal of the government was to change and eliminate the discrimination in the workplace. The major aim of these two acts is to protect individual rights and promotes employment opportunities and fairness for everyone within the workplace. We accept that the government is aware of the inequality between men and women in work place, and they are trying every way they can to prevent and discontinue the inequality; so the question is what are the reasons why women are still being treated unfairly at work?Work plays an important role in helping individuals find their true identity as well as helping one builds their self-este em. However, in the past women were not encouraged to work real jobs, instead they often stayed at home and are often labeled as housewives. The truth is women do work, they always have worked, but the work that they do are often unpaid labor work. Before men assumed that women didnt really want to work; they didnt need the money; and that they have different interests. (Kimmel, 2000, p.175) So it was assumed that women either couldnt do a job, or, if they could, they would neither want to nor need to do it. Now in the twenty-first century things have changed dramatically, more women are educated, and more determined to search for their identity. In order for them to do that, they often time seek employment. Womens participation in the labor force has grown to such an extent that society can no longer ignore and view women as unimportant. Women face many obstacles when seeking out jobs, and even more obstacles when they are working with men. Sex discrimination and gender inequality have always existed in society, but when does it actually start? The answer is ever since the minute they were born. In 1995 Wall Street Journal report observed that elementary school girls receive smaller allowances and are asked to do more chores than boys. (Kimmel, 2000, p.174) When a woman grows up and enters womanhood, if she wishes to work, she would have to face many irrelevant tribulations. Sex discrimination occurs when we treat people unequally because of personal characteristics that are not related to the job. Discrimination can be when we treat people who are similar in different ways, or when we treat people who are different in similar ways. (Kimmel, 2000) We often discriminate the people we meet because of our past experiences, from what we have learned, and through stereotyping. Stereotyping is the process of judging someone on the basis of our perception of the group to which he or she belongs. (Robbins, 2003) Stereotypes exist because of the differences among individuals. Since it is almost impossible for human brains to process such large degree of differences quickly, people simplify these differences and make generalizations without even noticing doing so. While these generalizations has originally begun with observed differences among people and have a shred of truth to them, most of these generalization have been so largely exaggerated over time that they no longer serve their original purpose of describing people accurately. The way that people make these generalizations are greatly dependent on their ability, background and culture. These characteristics influence how individuals perceive the world around them and their expectations toward others. Socialization and information overload also play a big role in gender stereotyping. Individuals begin learning stereotypes as early as in their infancy. According to The Reproduction Mothering theory by Nancy Chodorow (1978), infants learn expected gender behaviors and stereotypes from their mothers. The girls remain attached to their mothers to learn about emotionally intimacy, while boys are forced to separate from their mothers to be strong and independent. Then from media, school, peers and religion institution, children gradually learned what is to be expected from people who are different from themselves in ethnicity and gender, for instance. The  large amount of information readily available to us today also increases stereotyping. Since it is impossible to take in all the information, individuals have to cope with information overload by simplifying what is around them. Stereotyping generally prevents people from recognizing who an individual really is. When a person believes certain stereotypes to be true, his or her perception of a group will most probably be limited by these stereotypes and are unlikely to change. These groundless generalizations can often delay effective communications as a person assumes things about another. In the workplace, this can lead to not recognizing individual achievements and unfriendly relationships between groups, which reduces employee morale and productivity. It is important to recognize stereotypes in the workplace because of the diverse workforce today. Globalization and feminist movement have greatly increased the diversity in the work force. However, stereotypes delay management from recognizing the value of diversity and reinforce conformity in the workplace, thus limiting the organizations potential to grow. For instance, managements can miss out good potential employees who can do good. Stereotypes are also noises in communications. (Robbins, 2003) In todays organizations where communications are essential to success, stereotypes can create misunderstandings and harmfully affect day-to-day operations. Therefore, it is important that people should understand the harmful impact of stereotypes. It is also important to mention that even though occupational sex segregation started to decrease in the 1970s and in the 1980s, it still exists in todays workforce. Such discrimination is operated through interviewing techniques and the stereotypes of the initial recruiter. A recruiter may believe, for example, that a managerial position is a mans job. He or she may believe that a womans nature does not allow her to be a good manager because women are seen to lack leadership, managerial and technical skills. Recruiters should avoid stereotyping and realize that women are ready to join the work force in any type of job. (Robbins, 2003)Men and  women differ in their experiences with both paid and unpaid work. In comparison to men, for example women do a disproportionate share of unpaid and usually less valued work. Discrimination at work often leads to income gap, for doing the same job as the men, women get less pay. One of the reasons for the inequality wage gap is the assumption that when a man enters a labor force, he enters for good, while for a woman the assumption is that when she enters will eventually take time out for childbearing and parental leave. This too greatly affects womens wages; women who drop out of the labor force have lower real wages when they come back to work than they had when they left. Jobs held by mostly females are considered unimportant and lower skilled as compared to male jobs. The other obstacle that women face in workplace is the glass ceiling and the sticky floor; these two elements are barriers preventing women from succeeding and raising their status at work. The glass ceiling is an expression used to describe the inequalities of men and women within the workforce. It seems that women can become employed but then run into an invisible barrier when they try to move up the ladder of hierarchy within the organization (McGuire, 2000, p. 3). Employers should pay close attention to gender stereotyping which exists within a workplace. If they avoid doing so they may lose an opportunity to hire or promote a good employee. In order to avoid gender stereotyping it would be of use to mention the stereotypes that exist today. Some common masculine behavior include: independence, superiority, status, competition and aggression. In contrast, the feminine behaviors are consensus, inferiority, harmony, and gentleness. (Kimmel, 2000) David Geary, a psychology professor at the University of Missouri, Columbia, concluded that such qualities of men and women are generally true. He states that these stereotypical behaviors are strongly influenced by nature. He also mentions that Over the course of evolution, these stereotypes have resulted due to strategies used by males and females to attract mates. Men and women use certain sexual strategies in order to reproduce, and they are essential to our mating patterns. These sexual strategies are the cause of the male and female differences of today including physical attributes, social behavior,  parental interests, and motivational and emotional patterns. However, as an employer, it is important to realize that these are generalities, and that one person can express both masculine and feminine behaviors. People should not be labeled, but instead they should be judged as individuals. Men believe that it is easier to work with men and that men do a better job and therefore deserve more money. Their pride and egos tell them that women cannot do the job as well as they can. These personal beliefs must be changed. Pairing men and women together on teams will expand the male mindset and hopefully help them realize that females and minorities are as equally qualified. Valuing the differences of all employees can make an organization stronger. Society requires that men and women work together and this is not going to change. What has to change is the way we work together. Communication is the key. If we do not communicate effectively, then the best intentions of both genders will fail (Heim, 1995, p.3). Society influences what we are taught as children in regards to roles of females and males overflow into the workplace (Hale, 1999, p.14) In sum, it is the relationship between social roles, interests, intergroup relationships and organizational culture norms and values that set the conditions that perpetuate unequal employment opportunities and outcomes (Hale, 1999, p.13). It is impossible to change people overnight; especially what they have been taught and what they have always have confidence in generation after generation. The managers of today grew up in families where their mothers stayed at home, kept house, and took care of children. They have been taught at home that men should be the bread winner; the leader of the house, and women should only be housewives and take care of the house. They are also taught that men are stronger and should be the leader of the household and therefore these behaviors flow into the work setting. Even the Bible states that a woman should not be over a man. These beliefs are taught generation after generation. Despite the awareness of gender inequality, there are still arguments about gender difference and assumptions that women and men are from different planets; women and men are still treated distinguishably in society. The  workplace still remains an unequal arena, plague by persistent sex segregation, wage inequality, sex discrimination, and sexual harassment. Women and men work because they want to and because they have to. Employers should not judge women as being non-dependable. Family structure has changed dramatically over the years. Fathers and mothers today now share family responsibilities. To compensate for this change, businesses have introduced flextime, job sharing, telecommuting, on-site child care and parental leave. (Kimmel, 2000) Employers should accommodate a womans needs and expand the gender diversity of their company. There was a time where the balance of respect and roles never existed between the two, but today, men and women are truly redefining themselves and their relationships with each other. Most importantly, women have broken from the bondage of dependence on men. Women no longer have to submit themselves to one main role in family life as the mother. Along with being the mother, women have become the educated breadwinners. As for men, the need for dominancy has changed dramatically because today, men have been found to be the nurturing stay-at-home fathers of their family. Male and female relation is not entirely a dispute on inequality that women received from society, although that is what propels finding equality between the two genders. Besides, men today also require such needs and hiring based on gender is no longer relevant. Rather, male and female relation resolute this emergent society to work together as a unit. References Oakley, Ann. (1974) The Sociology of Housework New York: Pantheon BooksStromberg, Ann H. Harkess, Shirley. (1978) Women Working: Theories and Facts inPerspective. California: Mayfield Publishing CompanyRobbins, Stephen P. (2003) Organizational Behavior. New Jersey: Prentice HallMcGuire, Gail M. (2000) Gender, Race, Ethnicity, Networks [Electronic version]. Work Occupations, 27(4), 500-523. Hale, Mary. (1999) He Says, She Says: Gender and Worklife. Public Administration Review,59(5). Retrieved March 4, 2009, from www.questia.comKimmel, Michael S. (2000) The Gendered Society. New York: Oxford University Press

Government Surveillance of Internet Activity Essay -- Internet Web Com

Government Surveillance of Internet Activity 1. Background Back to late 1980s in China, some young people in college or research institute had a chance to surf the Internet through a fairly low speed, roughly routed World Wide Web connection. But a big surprise for them was that the Internet was a real freeway, a freeway escaping from strict government control, a freeway for people who wanted to see but couldn’t see and who wanted to say but couldn’t say. Stepping into the 21st century after more than a decade, the Internet service in China has already been almost the latest generation in the world. However, a new surprise for those â€Å"old† surfers and new comers is that the traffic on the Internet freeway is jammed or totally blocked. Some internet writers, even anonymous ones, have been monitored and arrested. Chinese people realized that what could be seen and reached through the Internet becomes less and less, and what could be spoken on the web now leads to a huge threaten to individuals as the consequence. Why is that? Someone blames the advanced software technology which is now available to the Chinese government. It is argued that new technologies enabled the government to turn on red lights in the Internet freeway and use â€Å"web polices† to intercept violators who were chasing the freedom. Indeed, not only in China, such an observation becomes globally prominent. At a recent internet technology conference sponsored by the Internet Society in Montreal Canada (INET '96), a new discussion emerged which is focused on the increasing number of governments intent on erecting barriers to free speech on the Internet [1]. 1.1 Government surveillance exists in many countries and in a variety of forms. Normally, peo... ... Law and Technology, vol. 6, 2001. Anya Schiffrin, â€Å"Analysis: China, the Net and free speech†, CNN.com/SCI-TECH, Feb 16, 2001. William Yurcik, Zixiang Tan, â€Å"The Great (Fire) Wall of China: Internet Security and Information Policy Issues in the People's Republic of China†, Proceedings of the 1996 Telecommunications Policy Research Conference, 1996. Leonard R. Sussman, â€Å"The Internet in Flux†, Press Freedom Survey 2001, Freedom House, 2001. Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, â€Å"Calculating Consequences: The Utilitarian Approach to Ethics†, http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/decision/calculating.html, 2004. Manuel Velasquez, Claire Andre, Thomas Shanks, S.J., Michael J. Meyer, â€Å"Thinking Ethically: A Framework for Moral Decision Making†, Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, 2004. http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/decision/thinking.html#utilitarian

Antony and Cleopatra’s relationship Essay

Examine the Strengths and Weaknesses of Antony and Cleopatra’s relationship and the significance love has on important events in the play. Antony and Cleopatra’s strengths in love fluctuate tremendously. Their behaviours toward each other create a chain reaction in the formation of events within the play. It is for these reasons, which determine the direction of the narrative. Antony behaviour is demonstrative of extreme strengths in his love toward Cleopatra, as he is prepared to neglect all his duties in Rome to stay in Egypt with her. His duties in Rome are very important to stabilise the triumvirate however, he still finds love more important. We see this when a messenger comes to call Antony back to Rome, his reply is: â€Å"Let Rome in Tiber melt, and the wide arch / of the ranged empire fall! Here is my space†(I. 1. 33)1 This shows his devotion to their love and shows the audience he has a sense of loves value. Antony uses hyperbole in his reply as he suggests that the river that flows through Rome will disappear or crumble and the bridge will collapse, before he will return, ‘wide arch’ also accentuates the strength of the bridge, this may show that Rome’s might is so strong it does not need Antony. This use of language emphasizes how unlikely it is that Antony will leave Cleopatra. It shows he is prepared to see Rome, in a sense, be demolished and he will still not care for his duties. We see here that Antony believes love to be a much nobler calling, than his obligations in Rome. While the lovers are in a love-debate we see that it is Cleopatra who is setting the rate of knots by her sarcasm and taunts when she says: â€Å"you must not stay here longer. Your dismission/ Is come from Caesar. Therefore hear it, Antony. â€Å"(I. 1. 26/7)2 leads Antony to neglect his life in Rome to prove his affection for her. It is obvious to us, as it was to Cleopatra and Antony, if he went back to Rome he would be proving her words right therefore had no choice but to stay with her, if he wanted to prove his love. We know that Cleopatra wants nothing of the sort for Antony to leave but the more she presses upon Antony, the less he feels the need to full fill his duties in Rome. Cleopatra used reverse psychology to keep a grip on their love. Antony also expresses his great love for Cleopatra through his speech â€Å"such a mutual pair / And such a twain can do’t, in which I bind, / On pain of punishment, the world to weet / We stand up peerless. â€Å"(I. 1. 37/40) Antony is expressing all that matters is the two of them, in-love, that the moral judgement of other people does not matter and they have the whole world in their hands, therefore Rome considered a loss. Cleopatra too shows tremendous strengths in love as she shows true signs of missing Antony while he is away. â€Å"O happy horse, to bear the weight of Antony! â€Å"(I. 5. 21)4 from this Cleopatra is showing the magnitude and importance of Antony’s splendour. Cleopatra describes here that the horse should be flattered to be supporting such a wonderful man, although this is slightly humorous, as the horse would not feel any honour, we still sense the extreme fidelity Cleopatra has toward Antony. means nothing in comparison to them. We can see here how important Cleopatra is to him and just how much he is willing to give up for her. However it is not only that he is giving up his life for her but that he really truly believes she is more important, therefore the phrase ‘giving up’ does not mean anything to him as he believes Rome is not important enough to be Cleopatra’s behaviour is effusive by showing how much she misses him as she talks about him constantly. â€Å"Where think’st thou he is now? Stands he, or sits he? / or does he walk? â€Å"(I. 5. 19/20)5 We see here Cleopatra is continuously thinking of Antony. We imagine her to be entranced by her love for him, as she is asking questions when she does not require an answer. This gives us the image of her staring into amidst, thinking of all the different things Antony is doing. By going through his different positions ‘stands’ or ‘sits’ or ‘walks’ we see she is thinking about him in great detail and longs for him to be with her. All of this love and devotion led to Lepidus and Caesar resenting the time the once noble Antony spent in Egypt, and despised his neglect of duty. Antony’s alliance with the two leaders had been weakened due to love. When faced with opposition from Caesar, Cleopatra’s enticing behaviour comes into play again. And we see Antony’s blindness play himself into a destroying event. Once the suggestion comes about that they will fight Antony at sea, Antony’s reason for doing so is â€Å"For that he dares us to’t. â€Å"(III. 7. 29)6 This lacks a great deal of strategy and shows his childlike features to stand strong against a dare. As we hear from Enobarbus: â€Å"you therein throw away / The absolute soldiership you have by land,†(III. 7. 41/2)7 from this Enobarbus is suggesting Antony has greater chance winning battle on land, as there is where his skills lye. It therefore seems completely illogical to fight by sea. The reader believes this because we know that Enobarbus is not fooled by love, therefore we have more reason to trust his judgement. This shows how Shakespeare uses love to move the readers trust to different characters. This raises the suspicion that perhaps Antony is showing off, as such, to Cleopatra. He may not want to back down to a dare from fear of losing bravery. Again love influences Antony’s decisions, carrying him into jeopardy. We could accept Antony showing off to Cleopatra however it seems strange that Cleopatra supports Antony fighting at sea: â€Å"By sea; what else? â€Å"(III. 7. 28)8 Cleopatra is testing Antony on his love for her yet again. Cleopatra knows it is best for Antony to fight on land but is determined to make him do what she wants and not the wisest thing. Cleopatra is toying with Antony as she did in the first scene. She is enjoying her power over Antony and increasing her ego tremendously. Ultimately Antony is saying he would die for her. Antony refers to Cleopatra at the end of this deciding scene as a: â€Å"Thetis! â€Å"(III. 7. 60)9, this is a goddess of the sea. We see here that Antony has full faith and trust in Cleopatra and her ships. Up until act III scene 10 Cleopatra is seen as a very strong and brave character. The reader is aware she is slightly conniving and manipulative however this adds to her charm of character. When Enobarbus says: â€Å"With all their sixty, fly and turn the rudder. â€Å"(III. 10. 3/4)10 Our opinion of Cleopatra drops a enormously. We know it was her influence which put Antony in battle at sea. Cleopatra knew this too, so the least she could have done was see him through it. Her cowardice creates great anger toward her, not only from Antony and the soldiers but from the reader, again Shakespeare is giving a personal interaction by building our secret desire for Cleopatra to highs and then dropping her grandeur with no warning. Scarus shows the most realistic and unpretentious view of the situation by suggesting: â€Å"we have kissed away / Kingdoms†(III. 10. 7/8)11 the use of metaphor here creates humorous imagery. Love lead to the reprehensible loss of the empire. Just as Antony kisses Cleopatra, he kissed away his victory. It gives enigmas to the reader as the battle was evenly balanced or could be argued in Antony’s favour and yet Cleopatra fled for no evident reason. This completely defies the laws of love and shows Cleopatra as a paradox in contrast to Act I scene 5. Her actions were not at all those of loyalty and devotion like Antony’s in Act I scene1and it shows the complete imbalance of love. The audience now dislike Cleopatra and see her as an iniquity in ‘Antony and Cleopatra’. Also this scene confronts the title ‘Antony and Cleopatra’ as this scene is Antony on his own without Cleopatra by his side. Again we see love from Antony toward Cleopatra. Although it was foolish that he was ‘Leaving the fight in height’ ‘and ‘flies after her'(III. 10. 20)12 we still se he’s ultimate devotion to Cleopatra. ‘height’ shows how the battle was at important levels, where either side could win, it seems apparent that the battle was not lost due to, the strength of the enemy, the weakness of Antony’s army neither bad luck but simply the ‘very ignorance'(III. 10. 7) of Antony and Cleopatra. Cleopatra’s actions were like ‘a cow in june stung by a gadfly'(III. 10. 14)14 as the speed of her turn and flight was dreadfully hasty. Antony sacrificed everything for love, his honour, power and the support of his men. Although this angered Antony the queen won him over with her inveigling skills. The third time Antony went to battle at sea, Cleopatra fled yet again. Bibliography Primary Text – Shakespeare William, Antony and Cleopatra, Emrys Jones (ed. ), London, 1977 1 William Shakespeare, Antony and Cleopatra, Emrys Jones (ed. ), London, 1977, page 60.

History of Sculpture

Assyrian Black Obelisk of Salamander Ill a large and solid late one. The conquest of the whole of Mesopotamia and much surrounding territory by the Assyrian created a larger and wealthier state than the region had known before, and very grandiose art in palaces and public places, no doubt partly intended to match the splendor of the art of the neighboring Egyptian empire. The Assyrian developed a style of extremely large schemes of very finely detailed narrative low relief in stone for palaces, with scenes of war or hunting; the British Museum has an outstanding collection.They produced very little sculpture in the round, except for colossal guardian figures, often the human-headed lamas, which are sculpted in high relief on two sides of a rectangular block, with the heads effectively in the round (and also five legs, so that both views seem complete). Even before dominating the region they had continued the cylinder seal tradition with designs which are often exceptionally energetic and refined. The Guenons Lioness, 3rd Millennium BCC, 3. 5 inches high One of 18 Statues of Guide, a ruler around 2090 BCC The Burner Relief, Old Babylonian, around 1800 BCCAssyrian relief from Nimrod, from c 728 BCC Ancient Egypt The monumental sculpture of Ancient Egypt is world-famous, but refined and delicate small works exist in much greater numbers. The Egyptians used the distinctive technique of sunk relief, which is well suited to very bright sunlight. The main figures in relief adhere to the same figure convention as in painting, with parted legs (where not seated) and head shown from the side, but the torso from the front, and a standard set of proportions making up the figure, using 18 â€Å"fists† to go from the ground to the hair-line on the forehead.This appears as early as the Meaner Palette from Dynasty l, but there as elsewhere the convention is not used for minor figures shown engaged in some activity, such as the captives and corpses. Other conventions mak e statues of males darker than females ones. Very conventionalism portrait statues appear from as early as Dynasty II, before 2,780 BCC, and with the exception of the art of the Marin period of Keenan, and some other periods such as Dynasty XII, the idealized features of rulers, like other Egyptian artistic conventions, changed little until after the Greek conquest.Egyptian pharaohs were always regarded as gods, but other deities are much less common in large statues, except when they represent the pharaoh as another deity; however the other deities are frequently shown in paintings and relief. The famous row of four colossal statues outside the main temple at ABA Simmer each show Renames II, a typical scheme, though here exceptionally large. Small figures of deities, or their animal personifications, are very common, and found in popular materials such as pottery.Most larger sculpture survives from Egyptian temples or tombs; by Dynasty IV (2680-2565 BCC) at the latest the idea of t he Aka statue was army established. These were put in tombs as a resting place for the aka portion of the soul, and so we have a good number of less conventionalism statues of well-off administrators and their wives, many in wood as Egypt is one of the few places in the world where the climate allows wood to survive over millennia. The so-called reserve heads, plain hairless heads, are especially naturalistic.Early tombs also contained small models of the slaves, animals, buildings and objects such as boats necessary for the deceased to continue his lifestyle in the afterworld, and later Shabby figures. Facsimile of the Meaner Palette, c. 3100 BC, which already shows the canonical Egyptian profile view and proportions of the figure. Manure (Mysterious) and queen, Old Kingdom, Dynasty 4, 2490 – 2472 BC. The formality of the pose is reduced by the queen's arm round her husband.Wooden tomb models, Dynasty X'; a high administrator counts his cattle. The Gold Mask of Tutankhamen, c. Leatherette dynasty, Egyptian Museum The Younger Anemone c. 1250 BC, British Museum Souris on a lapis lazuli pillar in the middle, flanked by Hours on the left, Andalusia on the right, 22nd dynasty, Louvre The aka statue provided a physical place for the aka to manifest. Egyptian Museum, Cairo Block statue of Pa-Ankh-Ra, ship master, bearing a statue of Path. Late Period, ca. 650-633 SC, cabinet des M ©dailies.Ancient Greece The first distinctive style of Ancient Greek sculpture developed in the Early Bronze Age Cycladic period (3rd millennium BCC), where marble figures, usually female and small, are represented in an elegantly simplified geometrical style. Most typical is a standing pose with arms crossed in front, but other figures are shown in different poses, including a complicated figure of a harpist seated on a chair. The subsequent Minoan and Mycenaean cultures developed sculpture further, under influence from Syria and elsewhere, but it is in the later Archaic period f rom around 650 BCC that the sours developed.These are large standing statues of naked youths, found in temples and tombs, with the Koreans the clothed female equivalent, with elaborately dressed hair; both have the â€Å"archaic smile†. They seem to have served a number of functions, perhaps sometimes representing deities and sometimes the person buried in a grave, as with the Scissors Sours. They are clearly influenced by Egyptian and Syrian styles, but the Greek artists were much more ready to experiment within the style.During the 6th century Greek sculpture developed rapidly, becoming more naturalistic, and with much more active and varied figure poses in narrative scenes, though still within idealized conventions. Sculptured pediments were added to temples, including the Parthenon in Athens, where the remains of the pediment of around 520 using figures in the round were fortunately used as infill for new buildings after the Persian sack in 480 BCC, and recovered from the sass on in fresh unwatched condition.Other significant remains of architectural sculpture come from Pesetas in Italy, Corp.,Delphi and the Temple of Papaya in Ageing (much now in Munich). Cycladic statue 2800-2300 BC. Parlay marble; 1,5 m high (largest known example of Cycladic sculpture. From Amorous Cycladic statue 2700-2300 BC. Head from the figure of a woman, H. 27 CM (10 h in. ) Cycladic Female Figurine, c. 2500-2400 BCC, 41. 5 CM (16. 3 it-I) high Mycenae, Female portrait, perhaps a sphinx or a goddess. Painted plaster, ca. 1300-1250 BC Mycenae, 1600-1500 BC.Silver rhythm with gold horns and rosette on the forehead Bull's head, Mycenaean rhythm Terra cotta, 1300-1200 BC. Found in a tomb marathons, British Museum Monsoon vase, 670 BC, Decorated photodiodes at Monsoon, Greece, depicting one of the earliest known renditions of Trojan Horse, Archaeological Museum of Monsoon Lifeless sours, c. 590-580 BCC,Metropolitan Museum of Art The â€Å"Angina Sphinx† from Delphi, 570- 560 BC, the figure 222 CM (87. 4 in) high Peoples Core, c. 530 BC, Athens, Acropolis Museum Late Archaic warrior from the east pediment of the Temple of Papaya, c. 00 The Mathis sarcophagus, formulators, Cyprus, 2nd quarter of the 5th century BC Archaic period, Metropolitan Museum of Art Classical We have fewer original remains from the first phase of the Classical period, often called the Severe style; free-standing statues were now mostly made in bronze, which always had value as scrap. The Severe style lasted from around 500 in relief, and soon after 480 in statues, to about 450. The relatively rigid poses of figures relaxed, and asymmetrical turning positions and oblique views became common, and deliberately sought.This was combined with a better understanding of anatomy and the harmonious structure of sculpted figures, and the pursuit of naturalistic presentation as an aim, which had not been present before. Excavations at the Temple of Zeus, Olympia since 1829 have revealed th e largest group of remains, from about 460, of which many are in the Louvre. The â€Å"High Classical† period lasted only a few decades from about 450 to 400, but has had a momentous influence on art, and retains a special prestige, despite a very restricted number of original survivals.The best known works are the Parthenon Marbles, traditionally (since Plutarch) executed by a team led by the most famous Ancient Greek sculptor Aphid's, active from about 465-425, who was in his own day ore famous for his colossal Christianizes Statue of Zeus at Olympia (c 432), one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, his Athena Parthenon (438), the cult image of the Parthenon, and Athena Approaches, a colossal bronze figure that stood next to the Parthenon; all of these are lost but are known from many representations.He is also credited as the creator of some life-size bronze statues known only from later copies whose identification is controversial, including the Lidos Hermes. The Hi gh Classical style continued to develop realism and sophistication in the unman figure, and improved the depiction of drapery (clothes), using it to add to the impact of active poses. Facial expressions were usually very restrained, even in combat scenes. The composition of groups of figures in relief and on pediments combined complexity and harmony in a way that had a permanent influence on Western art.Relief could be very high indeed, as in the Parthenon illustration below, where most of the leg of the warrior is completely detached from the background, as were the missing parts; relief this high made sculptures more subject to damage. The Late Classical style developed the free-standing female nude statue, supposedly an innovation of Parallaxes, and developed increasingly complex and subtle poses that were interesting when viewed from an number of angles, as well as more expressive faces; both trends were to be taken much further in the Hellenic period. High Classical high relief from the Elgin Marbles, which originally decorated the Parthenon, c. 447-433 BCC) Hellenic The Hellenic period is conventionally dated from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC, and ending either with the final conquest of the Greek heartlands y Rome in 146 BC or with the final defeat of the last remaining successor-state to Alexander empire after the Battle of Actinium in 31 BC, which also marks the end of Republican Rome. 42] It is thus much longer than the previous periods, and includes at least two major phases: a â€Å"Programmer† style of experimentation, exuberance and some sentimentality and vulgarity, and in the 2nd century BC a classifying return to a more austere simplicity and elegance; beyond such generalizations dating is typically very uncertain, especially when only later copies are known, as is usually the case.The initial Programmer style was not especially associated with Bergamot, from which it takes its name, but the very wealthy kings of that stat e were among the first to collect and also copy Classical sculpture, and also commissioned much new work, including the pomegranate Altar whose sculpture is now mostly in Berlin and which exemplifies the new style, as do the Mausoleum at Hallucinations (another of the Seven Wonders), the famous Loco ¶n and his Sons in the Vatican Museums, a late example, and the bronze original of The Dying Gaul (illustrated at top), which we know was part of a group actually commissioned or Bergamot in about 228 BC, from which the Lidos Gaul was also a copy. The group called the Fairness Bull, possibly a 2nd-century marble original, is still larger and more complex,[43] Hellenic sculpture greatly expanded the range of subjects represented, partly as a result of greater general prosperity, and the emergence of a very wealthy class who had large houses decorated with sculpture, although we know that some examples of subjects that seem best suited to the home, such as children with animals, were in fact placed in temples or other public places.For a much more popular home execration market there were Tanager figurines, and those from other centers where small pottery figures were produced on an industrial scale, some religious but others showing animals and elegantly dressed ladies. Sculptors became more technically skilled in representing facial expressions conveying a wide variety of emotions and the portraiture of individuals, as well representing different ages and races. The relief from the Mausoleum are rather atypical in that respect; most work was free- standing, and group compositions with several figures to be seen in the round, like he Lagoon and the Bergamot group celebrating victory over the Galls became popular, having been rare before.Debarring Faun, showing a satyr sprawled asleep, presumably after drink, is an example of the moral relaxation of the period, and the readiness to create large and expensive sculptures of subjects that fall short of the heroic. [44 ] After the conquests of Alexander Hellenic culture was dominant in the courts of most of the Near East, and some of Central Asia, and increasingly being adopted by European elites, especially in Italy, where Greek colonies initially controlled most of he South. Hellenic art, and artists, spread very widely, and was especially influential in the expanding Roman Republic and when it encountered Buddhism in the easternmost extensions of the Hellenic area.The massive so-called Alexander Sarcophagus found in Sided in modern Lebanon, was probably made there at the start of the period by expatriate Greek artists for a Hellenized Persian governor. [45] The wealth of the period led to a greatly increased production of luxury forms of small sculpture, including engraved gems and cameos, Jewelry, and gold and silverware. The Programmer style of the Hellenic period, from topographer Altar, early 2nd century. ) The Rice Bronzes, very rare bronze figures recovered from the sea, c. 460-430 Hermes and the Infant Dionysus, possibly an original by Parallaxes, 4th century Two elegant ladies, pottery figurines, 350-300 Bronze Statuette of a Horse, late 2nd – 1st century B. C. Metropolitan Museum of Art The Winged Victory of Commemorates, c. 90 BC, Louvre Venus De Mill, c. 130 – 100 BC, Greek, the Louvre Loco ¶n and his Sons, Greek, (Literalistic), circa 160 BC and 20 BC,White marble, Vatican Museum Loaches, Apollo Belvedere, c. 30 – 140 AD. Roman copy after a Greek bronze original of 330-320 BC. Vatican Museums Europe after the Greeks Roman Sculpture Early Roman art was influenced by the art of Greece and that of the neighboring Etruscan, themselves greatly influenced by their Greek trading partners. An Etruscan specialist was near life size tomb effigies in terracotta, usually lying on top of a sarcophagus lid propped up on one elbow in the pose of a diner in that period.As the expanding Roman Republic began to conquer Greek territory, at first in Souther n Italy and then the entire Hellenic world except for the Parthian far sat, official and patrician sculpture became largely an extension of the Hellenic style, from which specifically Roman elements are hard to disentangle, especially as so much Greek sculpture survives only in copies of the Roman period. By the 2nd century BCC, â€Å"most of the sculptors working at Rome† were Greek, often enslaved in conquests such as that of Corinth (146 BCC), and sculptors continued to be mostly Greeks, often slaves, whose names are very rarely recorded. Vast numbers of Greek statues were imported to Rome, whether as booty or the result of extortion or amerce, and temples were often decorated with re-used Greek works. A native Italian style can be seen in the tomb monuments, which very often featured portrait busts, of prosperous middle-class Romans, and portraiture is arguably the main strength of Roman sculpture.There are no survivals from the tradition of masks of ancestors that were w orn in processions at the funerals of the great families and otherwise displayed in the home, but many of the busts that survive must represent ancestral figures, perhaps from the large family tombs like the Tomb of the Copies or he later mausoleum outside the city. The famous bronze head supposedly of Luscious Genius Brutes is very variously dated, but taken as a very rare survival of Italic style under the Republic, in the preferred medium of bronze. Similarly stern and forceful heads are seen on coins of the Late Republic, and in the Imperial period coins as well as busts sent around the Empire to be placed in the basilicas of provincial cities were the main visual form of imperial propaganda; even Luminous had a near-colossal statue of Nero, though far smaller than the 30 meter high Colossus of Nero in Rome, owe lost.The Romans did not generally attempt to compete with free-standing Greek works of heroic exploits from history or mythology, but from early on produced historical w orks in relief, culminating in the great Roman triumphal columns with continuous narrative relief winding around them, of which those commemorating Trojan (CE 113) and Marcus Aurelia's (by 193) survive in Rome, where the Era Pace's (â€Å"Altar of Peace†, 13 BCC) represents the official Greece-Roman style at its most classical and refined. Among other major examples are the earlier re-used relief on the Arch of Constantine and the base of the Column of Notations Pious (161), Company relief were cheaper pottery versions of marble relief and the taste for relief was from the imperial period expanded to the sarcophagus.All forms of luxury small sculpture continued to be patronized, and quality could be extremely high, as in the silver Warren Cup, glass Ulcerous Cup, and large cameos like the Gamma August, Kananga Cameo and the â€Å"France†. For a much wider section of the population, McCollum relief decoration of pottery vessels and small figurines were produced in great quantity and often considerable quality. Section of Tartan's Column, CE 1 13, with scenes from the Disdain Wars) (Augustan state Greece-Roman style on the Era Pace's, 13 BCC) After moving through a late 2nd-century â€Å"baroque† phase, in the 3rd century, Roman art largely abandoned, or simply became unable to produce, sculpture in the classical tradition, a change whose causes remain much discussed.Even the most important imperial monuments now showed stumpy, large-eyed figures in a harsh frontal style, in simple compositions emphasizing power at the expense of grace. The contrast is famously illustrated in the Arch of Constantine of 31 5 in Rome, which imbibes sections in the new style with roundels in the earlier full Greece-Roman style taken from elsewhere, and the Four Tetrarch (c. 305) from the new capital of Constantinople, now in Venice. Ernst Kittening found in both monuments the same â€Å"stubby proportions, angular movements, an ordering of parts through symmet ry and repetition and a rendering of features and drapery folds through incisions rather than modeling†¦The hallmark of the style wherever it appears consists of an emphatic hardness, heaviness and angularity ? in short, an almost complete rejection of the classical tradition†. This revolution in style shortly preceded the period in which Christianity was adopted by the Roman state and the great majority of the people, leading to the end of large religious sculpture, with large statues now only used for emperors. However rich Christians continued to commission relief for sarcophagi, as in the Sarcophagus of Genius Abacus, and very small sculpture, especially in ivory, was continued by Christians, building on the style of the consular diptych. Etruscan sarcophagus, 3rd century BCC The â€Å"Capitalize Brutes†, dated to the 3rd or 1st century BCC Augustus of Prima Portal, statue of the emperor Augustus, 1st century CE.Vatican Museums Tomb relief of the Deck†, 9 8-117 CE Bust of Emperor Claudia, c. 50 CE, (reworked from a bust of mineralogical), It was found in the so-called Tripoli basilica in Aluminum, Italy, Vatican Museums Commodes dressed as Hercules, c. 191 CE, in the late imperial â€Å"baroque† style The Four Tetrarch, c. 305, showing the new anti-classical style, in porphyry, owns Marco, Venice The cameo gem known as the â€Å"Great Cameo of France†, c. 23 CE, with analogy of Augustus and his family Early Medieval and Byzantine The Early Christians were opposed to monumental religious sculpture, though continuing Roman traditions in portrait busts and sarcophagus relief, as well as smaller objects such as the consular diptych.

Avoid Beginning a Sentence with With

Avoid Beginning a Sentence with With Avoid Beginning a Sentence with â€Å"With† Avoid Beginning a Sentence with â€Å"With† By Mark Nichol Sentences (and clauses) that begin with with are doomed to be weak. The following sentences suffer from this affliction; discussions describe how to improve the sentence, and revisions demonstrate the solutions. 1. With a quarter-billion-dollar industry possible, there is a real possibility of supporting the community with something other than an economy based on a nearby prison. To strengthen this sentence, simply delete with, slightly alter the main clause and present it as a parenthetical phrase, and close the sentence with a verb to transform what was originally a subordinate clause into the main clause: â€Å"A potential quarter-billion-dollar industry, and a real possibility of supporting the community with something other than an economy based on a nearby prison, awaits.† 2. With almost one in three residents below the poverty line, the business of mass incarceration has had mixed effects on the community for twenty-five years. With the promise of good jobs, four prisons opened. With a 10 percent tax on potential cultivation revenue, the company has the chance to make more money in a year than it would off the prison industry in two centuries at the current rate. All three sentences in this paragraph start with with. As in the previous example, convert the introductory subordinate clause in the first sentence into a main clause, and insert a conjunction to change the main clause to a subordinate one: â€Å"Almost one in three residents lives below the poverty line, so the business of mass incarceration has had mixed effects on the community for twenty-five years.† For the second and third sentences, simply substitute a stronger word or phrase for with: â€Å"Based on the promise of good jobs, four prisons opened. Thanks to a 10 percent tax on potential cultivation revenue, the company has the chance to make more money in a year than it would off the prison industry in two centuries at the current rate.† 3. A company can adopt a standardized approach or an internal models approach, with the former generally leading to much higher capital charges and the latter requiring regulatory approval. Here, a subordinate clause headed by with ends rather than begins the sentence. In this case, simply omit the word and alter the form of the verbs that follow, then set the clause- now a main rather than subordinate clause- off with a semicolon or a period (and insert a comma to divide the two independent clauses within it): â€Å"A company can adopt a standardized approach or an internal models approach; the former generally leads to much higher capital charges, and the latter requires regulatory approval.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Grammar Test 145 Synonyms for â€Å"Old† and â€Å"Old-Fashioned†One "L" or Two?

5 Number Problems

5 Number Problems 5 Number Problems 5 Number Problems By Mark Nichol 1. Number Collisions In the sentence â€Å"The day the slain woman was to turn 28, 3,000 gathered at a church to recall her life,† the proximity of her age (assuming it is styled numerically rather than spelled out) and the number of mourners confuses the eye. Readers may assume, before they comprehend the sense of the sentence, that the comma after her age and the following letter space are erroneous and that the digits belong in one figure. If the numerical style for the age is correct, revise the sentence to read, â€Å"The day the slain woman was to turn 28, several thousand people gathered at a church to recall her life.† (This distraction can also occur when a year, a room or building number, or any other numerical designation precedes a figure.) 2. Number Ranges Do not use the word from preceding a number range in which a dash (or, in this case, as employed often in newspapers and online, a hyphen) appears: â€Å"The Korean War lasted from 1950-1953† should read â€Å"The Korean War lasted from 1950 to 1953† or â€Å"The Korean War lasted 1950-1953.† â€Å"The class will be held from 7-10 p.m.† is correctly expressed â€Å"The class will be held from 7 p.m. to 10 p.m.† (the first p.m. may be elided) or â€Å"The class will be held 7-10 p.m.† 3. Number Names When you employ specialized terms that include combinations of numbers or numbers and letters, be sure you’re typing them correctly. The term in â€Å"It’s safe to open your 401K statement again† is correctly rendered 401(k). The designation for a certain nonprofit corporation sometimes incorrectly styled 501c3 or 501(c)3 should appear as 501(c)(3). 4. Numbers with Hyphenation I’ve written about hyperhyphenation and hypohyphenation before (search this site for â€Å"hyphens† for more posts on the topic), but these twin troubles persist, so I will, too: Pay attention when using hyphens in phrases involving numbers. No hyphens are necessary in â€Å"The electrified fence is 10-feet-high,† because â€Å"10 feet high† is a simple description, not an adjectival phrase describing a noun that follows immediately (â€Å"10-foot-high electrified fence† is correct). One of those extra hyphens can be donated to the phrase â€Å"21-year old world record,† which refers not to an old world record consisting of 21 years (is that â€Å"old world,† as in â€Å"old-world charm†?), but to a world record that is 21 years old. 5. Numbers and Currency Take care when making references to money: Redundant references such as â€Å"The fine was set at $5 million dollars† or â€Å"I found $100 bucks in an old shoe box† are common. Be consistent in one article or book about whether you use currency symbols or spell the terms out; the determination should be based on the level of formality (currency terms are usually spelled out in more formal writing) weighed against the frequency of occurrence (numerous and/or technical references to money are best presented with symbols). Keep in mind, too, that use of the dollar sign is ubiquitous, but the cent sign is rare, so if reference is made separately to dollars and cents, it’s best to spell out both terms: â€Å"In 1960, the candy bar cost 5 cents; by the beginning of the twenty-first century, it sold for a dollar.† Also, avoid using numerals for orders of magnitude. The figure in â€Å"The binary star is more than 57,000,000,000,000 miles from Earth† is difficult to read, as is the total in â€Å"The budget was 5,666,943,643 dollars.† In the first example, use the term of magnitude: â€Å"The binary star is more than 57 trillion miles from Earth.† Use the same approach for the monetary figure, which is unnecessarily precise; multidigit references to currency are often rounded off at two decimals past the degree of magnitude. â€Å"The budget was 5.66 billion dollars.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:30 Synonyms for â€Å"Meeting†50 Idioms About Fruits and Vegetables20 Ways to Cry

Instant impact of the whole word Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Instant impact of the whole word - Essay Example When I see a building from far, I see it as a whole, and with every step forward, I start seeing more of its parts with successive loss of its identity as a unit. If I step backwards, the impact is reversed. It means that, not only the being of building but also its distance from the viewer has something to do with the perception of the viewer. It also means that both; stance of the ‘viewer’ and the nature of the ‘view’ correlate and coexist throughout the phenomenon of seeing. Just as a building is made of bricks, words are made of letters, their basic building blocks. Although I have this knowledge, yet do I ever see, at the first glance, the building in the form of bricks or its very basic building blocks? When I see a human figure, I see it as a whole and not in its x-rayed, skeletal form. The external factor; distance, however counts and impacts my vision of the image. Faculty of hearing is not different from seeing in this respect .When I hear a word a nd understand it in a flash, does "the whole use of the word come before my mind" (section 139)? If so, how? If not, how then do I really understand the word? 1†. I am of the opinion that when I hear a word and understand it in a flash, the whole use of the word comes before my mind. Regarding its mechanism; how I understand it, let me explain an example of the organoleptic or sensory perception of flavors. Whatever an expecting mother drinks or eats, the child, in the very early (fetal) stage perceives its flavor; the combinated effect of odor, taste, color and even the feel of its texture. How is it possible, while the child has never seen the color of the food? Now, can we perceive the strawberry flavor in a product, if the product is white? Not really, not at least in its full impact, reason being that red color is an essential to the ‘whole’ of strawberry. Suppose, the strawberry flavor used in the product was green , ripe, over ripe or fermented type, the ex perienced note is embedded in the retentive memory of both; mother and child. At a later stage of life, if any one of them happens to consume a product of similar flavour, the matching flavor in memory is retrieved and not only facilitates but also accelerates the process of identifying it. Similarly a data base of flavours is there in the mind of everyone and the identification of the flavour is subject to the size of the data base and the accuracy of retrieval of the relevant flavors.A flavourist recognizes more types of flavours in their true profiles on account of his or her larger data base, extensive use(repeated and faster retrieval) and accurate inference. The formal route of identification; olfactory sense, taste bud perception etc.are skipped and the brain response in case of the falavourist is as the ‘whole profile of flavour’ and not as its constituents; odor, taste, colour, texture etc. In addition to the accumulated experience there is another very importa nt factor in the instant perception of something as whole, and that is ‘intution’. I have seen sheep and goat grazing in the field with lot of ‘Datura’ plants with their very attractive, pure white, trumpet like flowers. Never, anyone of them tries or even indicates an intention of consuming this plant. How do they know about the toxic nature of the plant? Through ‘Intution’ only, I would say. Occasionally and rather strangely, a cat is seen chewing the grass. Why so, while by nature a cat is carnivorous? I think, in this case too, intution is at work. It may be a corrective action to adjust pH (say acidity) of the stomach contents. Intution is at work in both the cases with a difference that in the former case it repels while in the later case it attracts. In reference to the inherent characteristics, it had been for long, a popular belief that we see the objects by virtue of their inherent light, while now we understand that it is owing to th e ‘external’ light reflected from the surface of an object. Question is that,